Riddle: White and Red Headbands?
Three people were taken captive by a hostile Indian tribe. According to tribe’s custom they had to pass an intelligence test, or die. The chieftain showed 5 headbands – 2 red and 3 white. The 3 men were blindfolded and positioned one after another, face to back. The chief put a headband on each of their heads, hid two remaining headbands, and removed their blindfolds. So the third man could see the headbands on the two men in front of him, the second man could see the headband on the first, and the first could not see any headbands at all.
According to the rules any one of the three men could speak first and try to guess his headband color. And if he guessed correctly – they passed the test and could go free, if not – they failed. It so happened that all 3 of them were prominent logicians from a nearby academy. So after a few minutes of silence, the first man in the line said: "My headband is ...".
What color was his head band? Why?
White.
If the third person saw 2 red headbands, he would know he would have a white headband. But he didn't say anything meaning at least one of the people in front of him has a white headband.
Because of this the second person realizes that he or the first person has a white head band or maybe both of them have white headbands. If the first person has a red headband, then the second person would know he has a white headband, but the second person didn't say anything either white would mean the first person has a white headband.
The third person realizes this and therefore says, "My headband is...white."
More Info:
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